NIGHTINGALE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT (NIJECM)
VOL. 11 (4) JUNE, 2020. ISSN: 2167-4774
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NIGHTINGALE PUBLICATIONS AND RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL,
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Centre for African Development Studies, Ministry of Education, Abuja, FCT-Nigeria.
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Copyright © 2020 Nightingale Publications and Research International
ASSESSMENT HOUSING AFFORDABILITY IN PUBLIC HOUSING ESTATES IN MINNA NIGER STATE
SAMUEL JONATHAN
Department of Estate Management Technology, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria
Abstract
This study assesses the housing affordability in public housing in Minna Niger state Nigeria, with a view to meeting the housing needs of low and middle income public servants in the study area. The objectives of this study are to examine socio-economic characteristic with respect to residents of the two housing estates and the housing affordability of the estates to the occupiers. The research instruments include in-depth fieldwork, observation, questionnaire administration and interview. A total two hundred and eighty five (285) residents of the two selected selected residential estates was randomly selected for the study. And seventeen (17) officials were also selected purposively for the study. The questionnaire were retrieved and analyzed. Inferential statistics such as Pearson product moment correlation were used to analyze data collected for the study. The results of the study revealed that majority of the residents in the selected estates were low and medium income earners. The residents of Talba housing estate who are in level 9 and above can comfortably afford two-bedroom apartment thereby spending 30% percent of their monthly income, while the three bedrooms in Talba estate is affordable for public servant in level 14 step 9 and above. At M.I Wushishi housing estate respondents who are in level 7 and above can comfortably afford two-bedroom apartment thereby spending 25% percent of their monthly income and respondents who are on level 9 and above can afford 3-bedroom flat in the same estate thereby spending 30 % percent of their monthly income. Among others the research recommends that government should grant and assist the Corporation in securing low interest finance not exceeding 7%.
Keywords: Assessment, Affordability, Public, Housing, Estates
AN ASSESSMENT OF 2017 AND 2018 BUDGET ON REAL ESTATE SECTOR
OREKAN, ATINUKE ADEBIMPE AND ODUNNAIKE, JOSEPH OLUWASEUN
Department of Estate Management, College of Environmental Sciences, Bells University of Technology, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria.
Abstract
This study assessed the Federal Government of Nigeria’s 2017/2018 budget with a view to understanding the effect of the budget on the real estate sector. The research adopted a review of the budget to examine the allocations to the various sectors of the economy. The Budget, tagged Budget of Consolidation, is aimed at ensuring growth and stability as Nigeria recovers from a period of economic recession. It is geared towards building on economic recovery accomplishments and achieving sustainable economic growth in the medium term, while ensuring increase in non-oil revenues and capital expenditure. The study revealed that the Budget is the largest in Nigeria’s history (in Naira terms) with an aggregate xpenditure of ₦9.12 trillion, proposed revenue of ₦7.17 trillion and a deficit of ₦1.95 trillion. The Real Estate Sector benefitted immensely from the budget as the Ministry of Works, Power, and Housing got ₦682.96 billion which is the largest share of the budget among the ministries, this shows the administration’s commitment to improving and enhancing the real estate sector. Impact of the 2018 budget on the Real Estate Sector include strong platform and better performance for the Real Estate Sector, consolidation and Recovery for the Sector, and influence of road construction and infrastructural development. The study recommended that the Government should create an enabling environment for the private sector to drive the sector and also allow the local governments to complement housing.
Keywords: Real Estate Sector, Budget, Performance, Consolidation, Allocation
ASSESSING THE CAUSES OF URBANIZATION AND ITS IMPACT ON HOUSING QUALITY IN CITY OF LAGOS
1AKINYEMI, SAHEED O. 2HADIZA, AHMED MUSA. 3SALAU, L. T.
1Department of Estate Management and Valuation, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi. 2Department of Estate Management. Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna. 3Department of Estate Management and Valuation, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi
Abstract
The phenomenon of urbanization is a consequence of population increase and migration from rural to urban areas and growth-centres. The urban growth rate in Nigeria today is put at 5.8% per annum (Draft NUDP, 2004). Rural economy is principally agrarian. But, under conditions of increasing population and diminishing rural resources, some contingent of rural population migrates to urban areas for helpful job security, higher education, higher income, better health and stay alive. However, in spite of multitude of generalizations in urban theories, little is known on the housing quality of this area. This study will therefore, examines the characteristics of the urban settlement with a view to maintain sustainability on the housing quality of residential buildings in the study area as measured by the physical, socio-economic and environmental conditions in the city of Ikeja-Nigeria. The research employed qualitative method, making use of secondary data due to the nature of information required and the time frame required to conduct the study, this is to say the researchers are of the postpositivist methodological philosophy of research. The data were sourced from journals, textbooks, online daily newspapers and other online publications and field survey.
Keywords: Urbalization, Housing, Impact, Quality, Assessing.
COST IMPLICATION OF BUILDING DESIGN ON PROJECT PERFORMANCE.
1JOSEPHINE O. OLANIYI 2MARGARET S. SHWARKA 3VICTORIA A. ODENIYI
1Dept. of Quantity Surveying, Kaduna Polytechnic Kaduna. 2 &3 Dept. of Building, Kaduna polytechnic Kaduna.
Abstract
The near recessive economy in Nigeria has created a challenge for all the built environment professionals to take collective responsibility in addressing issues of cost sustainability and building projects performance. Cost of buildings is influenced by a variety of interrelated factors. Thus remodeling designs to have a little less space on circulation elements can result in appreciable economicgains. This paper aims at demonstrating the cost implications that can accrue in buildings due to circulation space. It seeks specifically to determine the difference in the cost of lighting and power points in circulation spaces in two similar buildings. The methodology adopted is based on desk review of literature and actual comparative analyses of the cost implications of lighting fittings in the circulation spaces in the ground floors of two similar architectural designs. The priced BOQ was prepared for the two different designs and the cost implication of each of the circulation space determined. The findings showed savings of N22,300(Twenty thousand, three hundred) from lighting and power points only. The study concluded that building clients, designers and constructors need to adopt a rudimentary cost benefit approach in the choice of design variables in order to obtain a suitable balance between cost, aesthetics and functionality. The study recommended that clients and designers need to be made more aware of the additional costs and duration that can arise in project execution, and the additional energy consumption in operating and maintenance of buildings due to seemingly minor design variables such as circulation space.
Keywords: Awareness, circulation space, cost implications, lighting fittings, recession.
AN ASSESSMENT OF SOLID WASTE GENERATION AND MANAGEMENT IN NIGERIA
LAWAL KABIR TUNAU, STEPHEN JOSEPH AND JAMES JESSE SHINGGU
Department of Urban and Regional Planning, School of Environmental Science Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Mubi Adamawa – Nigeria.
Abstract
This paper assesses concepts, challenges and strategies of solid waste management in Nigeria. Also solid waste generation, the criteria for wastes classification, types of solid wastes, sources and typical waste generators and solid waste management process were looked at. Other issues discussed are best practices in solid waste management and the policies for solid waste management in Nigeria. Data was collected through a desk study. The study concludes that Disposal of solid waste has constituted a serious environmental threat to human existence in urban center in the developing countries of the world. But this is more pronounced in some of the urban centers in Nigeria due to the high rate of urbanization trends within the last 25years.The study finally recommends strategies which will be based on the enactment of legislations that will provide institutional framework that will allow for decentralisation of control of the entire waste management chain to local governments with provisions that will allow for private sector operation; sustainable financing mechanism; all-encompassing regulations; verifiable enforcement mechanism; independent monitoring and evaluation, dynamic information systems and mechanism for stakeholder participation.
Keywords: Solid Wastes Management, strategies, Best Practices, Challenges.
ASSESSMENT OF DETERMINANTS OF THE PROPERTY TAX LIABILITY COMPLIANCE IN KADUNA METROPOLIS
SHITTU, Wasiu Oyewale1, M.T.A. AJAYI2, M.B. NUHU3 & I. A.OLATUNJI4
1Department of Estate Management and Valuation, Waziri Umaru Federal Polytechnic, Birnin Kebbi 2,3&4Department of Estate Management and Valuation, Federal University of Technology, Minna
Abstract
Property tax liability as an actual burden of tax is assessed on the value of hereditaments within rating jurisdiction. The determinants of property tax liability are functions of value of rateable hereditaments that are within the rating area. The shortfall in property tax generated over total tax liability on rateable hereditament has been attributed to certain determinant factors that originated from inefficient operations and processes of property tax administrative system in Nigeria. It is on this basis that the study assesses the determinants of property tax liability of rateable hereditament in selected States of Nigeria. The study employed both descriptive and inferential method of analysis to analyze 725 closed-ended questionnaires through cluster and simple random sampling techniques in Kaduna. The result of relative important index conducted revealed that Income level of hereditament, level of education of taxpayer and availability of community services were identified as the most determinant factors at 93%. The result of factor analysis conducted was found appropriate and reliable through KMO to test for sampling adequacy and Bartlett’s Test of significance of the correlation matrix of the variable. And result showed that value KMO is greater than 0.5 and Bartlett’s test of sphericity is also significant as indicated by the p-value of 0.000 of the chi-square statistics. The results of factor loading contributed 78.7% variability in the original variables in Kaduna. The study therefore concludes that, no doubt that whenever property tax system is made simple with clear process, transparency and public enlightenment, attitudes of taxpayers towards compliance tend to be positive and responsive. The study therefore recommends for complete overhauling in institutional framework in Nigeria property tax system in order to address factors that can positively influence compliance to property tax liability.
Keywords: Rateable Hereditaments, Tax Liability, Property tax, Assessed value, Tax base
EVALUATION OF AGRO-CLIMATOLOGICAL CONSTRAINTS TO COTTON PRODUCTION IN MAKARFI AND ZARIA, KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
AHMAD, MARYAM MUHAMMAD & A. S. ABUBAKAR
Geography Department, Federal University of Technology, Minna
Abstract
Knowing and understanding the key agro-climatological variables, which affect cotton production, is of great importance for designing agricultural policies to enhance cotton production in the study area and the country at large. Little published thesis and journal have covered the research topic which has create paucity of knowledge and this study intend to fill. The aim of this study is to assess agro-climatological constraints to low cotton production in Makarfi and Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria. The methods of data analysis include mean, mean deviation, frequency percentage and multiple linear regression. The result revealed that annual rainfall tend to be decreasing in the study area despite the fluctuation in some years (2007, 2013 and 2015). The highest annual rainfall was in the year 1999 with 2272.4 mm and the lowest was in the year 2008 with 848.5 mm. The study also revealed that mean annual relative humidity tend to be decreasing despite the fluctuation. The highest mean annual relative humidity was recorded in the year 2013 with 56.4% and the least was recorded in the year 2010 with 47.4%. The finding revealed that the agro-constraints faced by cotton growers in the study area include inadequate fertilizer, inadequate pesticides, inadequate market opportunities, late planting, inadequate storage facilities after harvest and increased cotton diseases. As indicated in the result, R2 was 0.552 for annual rainfall, thus, rainfall account for 55.2% of the explained variance between annual rainfall and cotton yield in the study area. This shows that other climatic variables like relative humidity and temperature too play significant role in cotton yield since the remaining 44.8% is left unexplained. As shown in the study, R2 was 0.22 for relative humidity, thus, relative humidity account for 22.0% of the explained variance between relative humidity and cotton yield in the study area. It’s therefore recommended that the Kaduna State Agricultural Development Programme (KSADP) should device way to motivate its agricultural extension workers to be able to assist the rural cotton growers on enhanced productivity and to guide them on new agricultural innovations.
Keywords: Agro-constraints, Cotton production, and agro-climatological
GIS BASED FLOOD MODELLING FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SULEJA, NIGER STATE.
JIYA SOLOMON NDACE, LIMAN YAHAYA DANJUMA, DR. NWAEREMA PEACE, OSESIENEMO RACHEAL SALLAU
Department of Geography, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, PMB 11, Lapai, Niger State Nigeria.
Abstract
In recent times, flood occurrences have become an annual phenomenon resulting to irreplaceable loss of lives and properties. Associated with post flood events, is the outbreak of diseases, pollution of the human environment and destruction of basic infrastructure. This research utilized the potential integration of soil parameters, remote sensing and climatic data to effectively predict fluid dynamics and flood events over time space. The major factors considered as flood initiating factors are rainfall, elevation, Land use land cover type, drainage density; soil type and slope contribute to flood occurrences at different level. This research aim is to evaluate the contribution of multiple factors to flood occurrence flood using modified analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) in GIS environment for prospecting and mitigating a highly dynamic system with the following specific objectives: To Identify flood initiating factors and criteria using remote sensing and other auxiliary data, To Evaluate the identified factors impact using Saaty’s Scale for subjectivity analysis, Determine spatiotemporal intensity of flood using AHP for objective decision making, Development of flood risk map using result from objective three in GIS environment. The research addresses among others, flood vulnerability areas to predict flood extend and magnitude of flood in Suleja. The identified parameters were rated and validated by experts in the field of hydrology, geology and soil science. A pair wise comparison matrix was excel base matrix for better decision making to determine the consistency index and ratio. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used in GIS environment for vulnerability mapping. The result indicated the existence of five major flood vulnerability zones; the very high prone zone, high prone zone, mild potential prone zone, low zone and very low prone zone. Vulnerability flood map of highly prone area and low prone area are precisely estimated than the moderately prone area. The result from the Multi-criterial Decision Analysis attest for acceptable to accurate excellence of the model performance due to the incorporation of many intricate factors which enhance flood predictive capability and efficiency performance. This model will provide a tool for effective decision making and planning for policy makers and stake holders in environmental hazards mitigation. The study recommends the need for the implementation of green zone in urban planning and afforestation to reduce the modification of the subsurface storm water mechanisms which influences flood events. This method can be applied in area of similar geology and climate.
Key Words: Geographical Information System, Analytical Hierarchical Process, flood prediction
PERILS OF URBAN FLOODS IN LAFIA: IMPLICATIONS ON SOCIO-ECONOMICS DEVELOPMENT
*MOH’D K. DAHIRU (PHD) **MUA’ZU SHAMAKI & ***EMANKHU, SUNDAY ETEMINI
*Geography Department Nasarawa State University, Keffi **Geography Department University of Sokoto ***Urban and Regional Plannning, Nasarwa State Polytechnic, Lafia.
Abstract
Flood, is a large volume of water than normal in nature in a given place and time, usually covering hitherto, dry areas and inundate its surroundings as to cause considerable socio-economic and physical environmental damages in affected areas. This is a common phenomenon in Lafia metropolis and expanse of lands within and around it lately, where the main catchment river constantly overflow its banks and inundates the area nearly every wet season. This study examins this perennial incidence in the metropolis through the survey of its surface run offs network and wastes disposal system, with a view to finding out how its spate affects the socio-economy and well being of the area and suggesting competent measures for mitigating its adverse effects in a holostic and all-inclusive/intergrative manner, as against the traditional approaches of the past.
Keywords: Floods; Disaster; Environment; Spate; Socio-economy; Metropolis.
TOPOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR EFFECTIVE AND SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF ENVIROMENT
ZAKARI, DANLADI & ADAMU MAKAMA PINDIGA
Department of Surveying and Geo-informatics, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria
Abstract
The need for the production of Topographic Information System (TIS) of Bauchi Metropolis arose due to the non-availability of Topographic Information System for proper planning of Bauchi town. Therefore, TIS was carried out with the aim of producing a tool for effective planning and land management of Bauchi metropolis. Field and office reconnaissance were carried out in order to be familiar with the terrain and do proper planning on the methodology and equipment to be used for the acquisition and assembling of spatial. The geometric (spatial) data were acquired by ground survey method using Dual Frequency Receiver through the process of traversing and spot heights which were carried out simultaneously. The data processing was adequately and effectively done using GNSS Solution and the data were downloaded to the computer. ArcGIS 10.3 version was used in generating the Digital Terrain Model (DTM), Contour map, Aspect map, hill shade and flow directional map. The interpretation of the maps supports decision making policy needed by the Land surveyors, Architects, Engineers, Urban and Regional planners to plan, design and execute vital infrastructural projects in Bauchi town. It was recommended that TIS should become a lasting tool for decision making and management of land and its resources for effective and sustainable development.
Keywords: Mapping, Topography, Geographic Information System, Interpolation, digital Terrain Model.
TRANSFORMATION OF NEW SMART TOILET ARCHITECTURE IN THE ERA OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN NIGERIA
1OSUNKUNLE ABDULMAGEED 2SHUAIBU BALOGUN 3ODETOYE SUNDAY ADEOLA 4EHIAGWINA FREDERICK O.
1Department of Architectural Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi 2Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi 3Department of Architecture, Ladoke Akintola University, Ogbomoso 4Department of Electrical Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Offa
Abstract
The transformation agenda in this on-going work was as a result of the global COVID-19 pandemic, since late 2019 till date, which paved way for the purpose of harnessing new approaches and opportunities in Smart Toilet Architecture as one of the solutions to the menace in Nigeria. The recent concern for the introduction of Smart Toilet Architecture have led to the revival on the rate of Open Defecation (OD) and also that of health, sanitation and hygiene in the Nigerian built environment. The professional practice of the construction team in actualizing open defecation free status of health, sanitation and hygiene of the National Development issues can never be overestimated in response to many challenges of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) number 6 on sanitation. Also, a healthy nation is central to all physical, social, technological, economic growth and sustainability. The Nigerian health sector is known to be faced with inadequate sanitary facilities like toilets, hand washing facilities, services and equipment. Hence, this work focused on the functional requirements that are converted to engineering specifications, systematic design approach in Smart Toilet architecture design and construction that is applied for the conceptual design. Systematic design approach involves functional analysis of the design problem, required of the new smart toilet is decomposed to obtain sub-functions. Furthermore, solutions are generated to the design problems at sub-function level and the solutions are combined by solution matching to obtain combinatorial optimal solutions based on the listed criteria and solution options. A new smart toilet product was finally evolved with a leg pedal control sliding door with fixed hand washing facilities. In conclusion, the study under investigation also further discusses issues of immense contribution to the design, construction and operation of COVID-19 compliant Smart Toilet which recommended that government with stakeholders should strictly enforce the law the ‘Use of Toilet Campaign’, advocacy on health, sanitation and hygiene in the Nigerian built environment, sanitation marketing and finance towards the attainment of Smart Toilet Architecture towards Open Defecation Free (ODF) and COVID-19 free Nigeria.
KEYWORDS: Advocacy, Health, open defecation, sanitation and technological.
ADAPTED LAND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES OF FARMERS AND PASTORALISTS IN ESTABLISHING A CLIMATE RESILIENT ENVIRONMENT IN THE SOUTHERN SAVANNA ZONE OF KATSINA STATE, NIGERIA.
SULEIMAN AKILU & ZAILANI SHEHU
Department of Geography, Federal College of Education Zaria
Abstract
This paper aimed at assessing the land management practices adapted by farmers and pastoralists to sustained a resilient environment for their livelihood in areas of Funtua, Bakori and Danja local government areas of katsina state, in the face of climate change. A multi stage sampling technique is used where Stage one involved dividing the local governments into political wards level and randomly select two wards from each local government by applying simple random sampling method. Stage two involved dividing the political wards into settlements and purposively selects two settlements each of farmers and pastoralists, giving a total of six (6) settlements for farmers and six (6) for pastoralists. Stage three involved the random selection of ten households from each settlement of farmers and pastoralists and interview three respondents from each house hold selected. This gives total of 120 households from all three local government areas with each having 40 households, and a total of 360 respondents.The data was collected using questionnaire that was developed from the environmental indicators of resilience of the SHARP TOOL, and uploaded onto the kobotool box. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics of percentages and frequencies. The study reveals that farmers and pastoralists align production with local ecological parameters as their adapted land management practices such as use of leguminous plants, use of fertilizers, weed management practices and agroforestry which gives the environment a natural regeneration capacity, while impacts of Climate variability and change majorly are decline in forest resources, decrease in soil fertility and grazing area. There is the need to enlightened, and research centres to update farmers and pastoralists on strategies to improve environmental resilient.
Keywords: Land Managements, Practices, Climate, Resilient, Environment
CAUSES AND IMPACTS OF VANDALISM IN THE INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER LEARNING IN YOBE STATE
HUSSAINI ALHASSAN FUNTUA* AND BABAGANA BUKAR
Department of Estate Management, School of Environmental Studies, Federal Polytechnic P.M.B. 1006, Damaturu, Yobe State.
Abstract
Any unacceptable act of destruction, demolition, damage or annihilation of existing structure and/or facility developed to serve specific functions within a given community could be referred to as Vandalism. The rate of increase of vandalism in the Nigerian institutions of higher learning in the recent years is alarming. Records and statistics have shown that the increase in learner’s vandalism in Nigeria was absolute since late eightieth. Students do use it as a medium to express their anger or dissatisfaction with the learning condition they found themselves or management policy of their institutions. Researchers have found that learners who take part in few or no school activities often commit acts of vandalism, because they lack school pride, (Corene, de Wet, 2004). Data required were obtained through physical inspection and observation, interview, questionnaire administration and literature sources; it was analyzed through the use of tables, charts, percentile, figures, narrative and descriptive methods. Part of the result showed that about 96% of the causes of the learners vandalism was due to poor condition related to portable drinking water, unhygienic hostel living, poor maintenance of facilities, higher school fees, students – management relationship, student’s rivalry and cultism among others. It was also established by the study that; More than 72% of the students did not know that all acts considered as minor vandalism are categorized as such and it is punishable in law. Most of the institutions have no up-to-date records of vandalism and majority of the students are not aware of the punishments for vandalism. It was concluded that with adequate briefing of students on the impact of vandalism, ensuring conducive and hygienic atmosphere for learning within the campuses, adequate monitoring and controlling of students’ activities, the rate of vandalism within the our institutions of higher learning will be totally circumvented or reduce to minimum.
Keywords: Higher–Learning, Impact, Public Buildings, Vandalism.
ARCHITECTURE SOFTWARE & ARCHITECTURE PROFESSION; COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ITS USE BY A NON – PROFESSIONAL
AGBODIKE CHINEDU CHIGOZIE (ANIA)
Department of Architecture, Federal Polytechnic, P.M.B 1012, Kaura Namoda Zamfara State.
Abstract
Over time Professional courses of which Architecture is one has had to witness infilteration by quacks and non professionals as a result of the attendant need for survival. It is to this extent that this paper wants to X- ray and analyse what Architectural Softwares are, the Profession of Architecture under which the Softwares are used, comparative analysis and the limits to which a non Professional cannot exceed even as he makes use of the Architectural Softwares in the Building Industry.
Keywords: Architecture, Softwares, Profession & Professional.
AN APPRAISAL OF PEOPLE’S PERCEPTION ON INTERNAL MIGRATION AMIDST COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN SAMARU, SABON-GARI LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, KADUNA.
IDRIS, RAKIYA KABIR AND AKUT, YAKUBU BOBAI
Department of Geography, Federal College of Education, Zaria, Nigeria
Abstract
This paper appraises internal migration amidst covid-19 in Samaru community, a total of 149 copies of questionnaires were considered for the study, stratified random sampling technique was adopted. Frequency, percentages and Charts were used in analyzing the responses to the questionnaire. Findings revealed that high percentage (57%) of the respondents have attained tertiary level of education, 48% respondents are of the view that security is the main reason why people travel during corona lockdown, majority of respondents that comprises of 41% strongly agreed that covid-19 does not move but rather people move it, a large number of the respondents(53%) have travelled out of the state during the pandemic despite the fact that they are aware of how Covid-19 can be easily transmitted, quite a large number of the respondents (52%) are aware that movement can increase the spread of Covid-19.Majority of the migrants are aware of the risk in commuting yet they take the risk due to security and favorable condition. There is a need for a shift in emphasis on the overall planning strategies from the existing lapses, there is the need for government to expand the distribution of palliatives and other stimulus packages for the vulnerable in a transparent manner and this will encourage people to abide by lockdown orders. Government should also improve the welfare of Security personnel with the provision of hazard allowances and other incentives.
Keywords: People’s perception; Internal; Migration; Covid-19; Pandemic
THE ROLE OF TOWN PLANNERS IN ADDRESSING THE CHALLENGES OF PANDEMICS – A FOCUS ON COVID-19
ASUNOGIE, O.F AND EZEKIEL U.L
Abstract
Pandemics are disease epidemic that has spread across a large region and is affecting a large number of people in different regions and cause a lot of pains and psychological trauma. In solving this, town planner’s roles cannot be undermined. Thus, this paper underlines the role of town planners in solving pandemic with specific focus on the COVID-19. It adopted the use of secondary data source by reviewing past literatures on the subject matter. Findings shows that pandemics are spread through various factors, among them is through high density in overcrowded places, fear and stigmatization. It showed that planners can help curb the spread of pandemics through smart planning, population spread control measures, focus on access to core services, planning for affordable housing and public spaces, increased environmental sustainability awareness among others. It is therefore recommended that to make planners work effectively, government and other agencies should pay attention to the advice of the town planners in their decision making process, adequate tools and machinery be given to planners to effectively carry out strict and objective development control measures in city planning and development, they can be aided to carryout campaigns and other information services to inform people on the need to take precautions and take necessary measures to improve their environment through advocacy planning. The necessary police force should be accorded planning policies to ensure strict compliance to ensure that there is orderliness in the towns and cities and population control should be adhered to in order to ensure the adequate population for every planned facility.
Keywords: Pandemic, COVID-19, Role, Town Planners
NIGERIAN CITIES AT CROSSROAD AS COVID-19 PANDEMIC RAGES ON
1 UMAR ABUBAKAR DAHIRU; 2MANSUR BELLO & 3OTARO T. OLUDAYO
1Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Federal Polytechnic Nasarawa. 2Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna. 3Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Federal Polytechnic Iddah.
Abstract
This paper reviews the influence of COVID-19 pandemic on Nigerian cities. It is essentially a result of a review of literature and shared experience from residents of major Nigerian cities. A random sample of residents of the major cities was taken for telephone interview and their responses were used as basis for discussion. Nigerian cities were found to be vulnerable to the pandemic due to their high population density, inadequate housing for the urban poor and prevalence of slums, economic fragility, inadequate green areas, lack of access to big data and ineffective regional and territorial Planning among others. Recommendations were made on how to flatten the curve of the infection and were categorised into emergency phase; which include measures to prevent further spread, initial recovery phase; which include measures for cushioning the effects of the pandemic on the vulnerable groups and re-opening of cities and lastly full recovery phase which include measures for fortifying cities and their economies against future occurrence.
Keywords: Nigerian Cities, Crossroad, COVID-19, Pandemic, Rages On
CHALLENGES ASSOCIATED WITH EXECUTION OF PUBLIC HOUSING ESTATE IN IKORODU LAGOS, NIGERIA
OLADOJA ISMAILA OLAWALE
Estate Management Department, Kwara State Polytechnic, Ilorin, Nigeria
Abstract
Earlier studies investigation public sector housing in Nigeria has not explicit considered the level of implementation of housing projects despite the facts that housing policies dictate the nature of development of housing in the country. This research work therefore examines the various issues involved in public sector housing programmes in Nigeria. Using some kind of methodology which questionnaire were administered to the ministry (15 questionnaire) and developer (12 questionnaire) in housing sector in lagos Nigeria which the total are 27 questionnaire. The systematic random sampling technique where adopted in administered of the questionnaire to receive vital information. A detailed of the research review the existing housing policies, identifying the various problems militating against the achievement of the goals of public sector housing projects and suggesting possible recommendations towards addressing the problems.
Keyword: Execution, public housing, growth, development, project management
ASSESSMENT OF RISK FACTORS AFFECTING COST PERFORMANCE OF PUBLIC CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS IN KOGI STATE CONTRACTORS AND CONSULTANTS PERSPECTIVES.
ZUBAIR, AHMED
Department of Quantity Surveying, School of Environmental Studies. The Federal Polytechnic, Idah.
Abstract
Construction project in Nigeria like other developing countries, are dramatically experiencing a highly risk prone, due to their complex and dynamic environments. Thus such nature of creating an atmosphere of high uncertainty and risks. This consequently leads to cost overrun and time overrun. This study aim at assessing the risk factors affecting cost performance of public construction projects from contractors and consultants perspectives with the view to identify the risks factors affecting cost performance of public construction projects and to assess those major risk factors affecting cost performance of public construction projects in kogi state from contractors and consultants’ perspective. extensive literature review was carried out to assess the risk factors affecting cost performance of public construction projects. based on the comprehensive assessment of the risk factors, fifty (50) factors were identified. A purposive survey of 120 valid responses comprising 68 contractors and 52 consultants was carried out with structured questionnaire. Data obtained were analyzed using mean item score and simple percentile. The result revealed that thirteen factors have very high significant effect on the cost performance of public construction projects in the study area. The study also revealed that there is high perceptions of the effect of the cost performance of public construction. The study therefore recommends that contractors and consultants should focus on risk related to finance, contractor’s site management environment, project design, human and non human resources as good planning and management of these risks could reduces the effect and enhance the possibility of achieving the overall project cost performance.
Keywords: consultants, contractors, cost performance, construction projects, risk management
ASSESSING URBAN SPATIAL GROWTH OF KADUNA TOWN, NIGERIA, USING GIS/REMOTE SENSING AND LANDSAT IMAGES
EGILA MICHAEL MOPA1, ABUBAKAR UMAR DAHIRU2, ALAO, AMOS ATUMYE3, MANSUR BELLO4
1&2Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Federal Polytechnic, Nasarawa, Nasarawa State 3Department of Landscape Architecture, Bingham University, Karshi, Nasarawa State 4Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna
Abstract
This paper seeks to assess urban spatial growth of Kaduna town using GIS/remote sensing and Landsat images.Multi-temporal Land satellite raw imagery of Kaduna for 1999, 2009 and 2019 were acquired and used in the analyses and each of the imageries at 30-meter Resolution. Cloud-free Landsat ETM and satellite images downloaded from the USGS Earth Explorer website. ArcGIS 10.5 and ERDAS imagine 2015 software’s were used to overlay two or more independently produced classified images to ascertain or examine the change detection that had occurred between the 20-year period of study from 1999-2019. The remotely sensed data were georeferenced and cropped to the study areas. The data were projected to the Minna UTM (Universal Transverse Mercator) zone 32N. ERDAS Imagine 2015 was employed to classify all the Landsat imagery into four main classes, which are built-up areas, water, natural vegetation and bare land. Results show that from 1999 to 2019, there was a notable change in urban areas as it increased from 4498.0 ha (1999) to 10805.1 ha (2019) (Table 2). From 1999 to 2019, urban areas increased by 6307.1 ha and within that same period the population more than doubled. The loss in vegetation can be seen with the steady decline in the percentage coverage from 88.1% to 83.6% and 70% in 1999,2009 and 2019 respectively, while water bodies and bare land seems to be on the increase. Bare-land land-use has shown an increase occupying 12.6% of the total area in 2019 as against 4.5% in 1999. Further projection of the Built-up to 2029 shows an increase of up to 21.81%, signifying future loss of vegetation and peri-urban agricultural land in the projected year from 70.1% (46,099.6 Ha) to 56.54% (37,210.9 Ha). It is recommended that policy makers make use of this method in establishing urban development and the impacts of this development on landuses. This is important for ensuring sustainable urban development in the study area.
Keywords: Urban Spatial Growth, GIS/remote sensing, Landsat images
ASSESSING RENEWABLE ENERGY PRACTICE IN TURAKI ALI HOUSE KADUNA-NIGERIA
*HABIBU SANI **BILKISU ADAMU ALIYU
*Department of Estate Management and Valuation Kaduna Polytechnic Kaduna **Department of Estate Management and Valuation Nuhu Bamalli Polytechnic Zaria
Abstract
The research investigated tenant understanding and preparedness to embrace renewable energy practice as alternative to public power supply during outage from national grid. International standards of sustainable building occupation from BREEAM and LEED were adopted to form parameters of investigation. The study covered knowledge and utilization of solar energy system amongst tenant and their preparedness to embrace alternative energy systems as well as incentives from the management Company of Turaki Ali House to encourage sustainable occupation. Qualitative and quantitative technique was employed; interview was conducted with two of the tenants’ representative and a member of staff from the management company who has been the desk officer responsible for the property for twenty years. Fifty six questionnaires were distributed among tenants between the floors; forty one questionnaire was returned and used for the analysis. Results from the research revealed limited knowledge of the advantages in solar energy system over generators; in addition, there were apprehension to embracing solar system due to higher initial cost of acquisition and substandard solar systems and components. Managers of the property are reported not have been performing their contractual obligation of the lease thus justifying the action of tenant in littering everywhere with generators despite the inherent dangers associated with the practice. The research concluded with recommendation to create awareness, encourage utilization of sustainable energy sources through a review in the content of tenancy agreement to ensure compliance to sustainable building occupation standards.
Keywords: Renewable energy, sustainability, Property Management, BREEAM & LEED.